6^th World Congress on Biopolymers September 7-9, 2017 Paris, France

Biopolymers, the most promising of which is Polylactide (PLA), are a type of plastic which, instead of being manufactured from petrochemicals, are made from sustainable feedstocks such as sugar, starch or Cellulose. Till date, the use of biopolymers, including first generation PLA, has been limited by their Physical properties and relatively high cost of manufacture. Next generation biopolymers, including Plastic component fabrication, Polysaccharides second generation PLA, are expected to be cheaper and to offer improved performance and a wider application reach, enabling them to capture an increasing share of the various markets for Biopolymers. Innovations has already achieved significant success with its early investments its £1.5m investment in obesity drug developer  return up to £22m, following its sale for£100m in 2013, while the sale of Respivert, a small molecule drug discovery company, resulted in Innovations realizing £9.5m, a 4.7 return on investment. In the year to2015, Innovations invested £14.0m in 20 ventures, helping to launch three new companies.

Polymer Nano composites (PNC) consist of a polymer or copolymer having nanoparticles or Nano fillers dispersed in the polymer matrix. Plastic packaging for food and non-food applications is non-biodegradable, and also uses up valuable and scarce non-renewable resources like petroleum. With the current focus on exploring alternatives to petroleum and emphasis on reduced environmental impact, research is increasingly being directed at development of biodegradable food packaging from biopolymer-based materials. A biomaterial is any matter, surface, or construct that interacts with biological systems. As a science, biomaterials are about fifty years old. The study of biomaterials is called biomaterials science. It has experienced steady and strong growth over its history, with many companies investing large amounts of money into the development of new products. Biomaterials science encompasses elements of medicine, biology, chemistry, tissue engineering and materials science. Global Biomaterial market over the forecast period of 2012-2017 market for biomaterials is estimated at $44.0 billion in 2012 and is poised to grow at a CAGR of 15% from 2012 to 2017 to reach $88.4 billion by 2017.

Whole green composites are the composite materials that are made from both renewable resource based polymer (biopolymer) and biofiller. Whole green composites are recyclable, renewable, triggered biodegradable and could reduce the dependency on the fossil fuel to a great extent when used in interior applications. Whole green composites could have major applications in automotive interiors, interior building applications and major packaging areas. Despite the large number of recent reviews on green composites defined as biopolymers or bio-derived polymers reinforced with natural fibers for bioprocessing of materials, limited investigation has taken place into the most appropriate applications for these materials. Global composite materials industry reached $19.6B in 2011, marking an annual increase of 8.2% from 2010, and driven by recovering of majority of markets. Market value of end use products made with composites was $55.6B in 2011. North American composites industry accelerated by 9 % in 2014, Europe increased by 8%while Asia grew by 7% in 2015. By 2017, composite materials industry is expected to reach $ 29.9B (7% CAGR) while end products made with composite materials market value is expected to reach $85B  Global Automotive composite materials market was estimated to be around $ 2.8 B in 2015, and forecast to reach $ 4.3 B by 2017 @ CAGR of approx. 7%.

Tissue engineering has been an area of immense research in recent years because of its vast potential in the repair or replacement of damaged tissues and organs. The present review will focus on scaffolds as they are one of the three most important factors, including seed cells, growth factors, and scaffolds in tissue engineering. Among the polymers used in tissue engineering, poly(-hydroxy esters) (such as PLA, PGA, and PLGA) have attracted extensive attention for a variety of biomedical applications. Besides, PCL has been widely utilized as a tissue engineering scaffold. Scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering such as bone, cartilage, ligament, skin, vascular tissues, neural tissues, and skeletal muscle and as vehicle for the controlled delivery of drugs, proteins, and DNA.  The global market for tissue engineering and regeneration products reached $55.9 billion in 2010, is expected to reach $59.8 billion by 2013, and will further grow to $89.7 billion by 2016 at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4%.

Biodegradable polymers have many uses in the biomedical field, that to in the fields of tissue engineering and drug delivery. In order for us to use biodegradable polymer as a therapeutic, it should undergo certain criteria: it should be non-toxic so that it could eliminate foreign body response; The time it takes for the polymer to degrade is proportional to the time required for therapy; The products resulting from biodegradation are not cytotoxic and are readily eliminated from the body; The material must be easily processed in order to tailor the mechanical properties for the required task;  It should be easily sterilized; and it should have acceptable shelf life.

Biobased biopolymers offer advantages not only on the raw materials side but also on the disposal side through certain promising end-of-life (EOL) options. Especially waste disposal with energy recovery has an added benefit, which lies in gaining carbon neutral energy while allowing multiple uses after possible recycling. The Commission said that all of the composts containing biodegradable polymer materials could be classified using a risk assessment system at a higher toxicity level. Biodegradable biopolymer waste can be treated by aerobic degradation, composting, or anaerobic digestion .When biopolymers are composted or digested, their individual elements are recycled naturally, in particular their carbon and hydrogen content. The largest segment of the market, packaging, is expected to reach nearly 1.7 billion pounds in 2016. The market in 2011 is estimated at 656 million pounds, making the five-year CAGR 20.5%. The second-largest segment, made up of fibers/fabrics, is expected to increase in volume from an estimated 134 million pounds in 2011 to 435 million pounds in 2016, for a five-year CAGR of 26.6%.

Bio related products are to replace petroleum-related products, new methodologies, where various types of lignocellulosic biomass undergo bioprocessing to commercially important products, must be devised. A relatively low value lignocellulosic biomass that could be utilized to produce bio based co-products is grass. Currently, many grasses are largely utilized for grazing by livestock or harvested as hay. To exploit this opportunity, the feasibility of using microbial bioconversion to produce chemicals and polysaccharide gums from the fermentable sugars present in hydrolysates of various grass species. The best production of 2.5 g/l was obtained when the cells were grown on medium containing 70 mM sucrose and 0.2% (w/v) Casamino Acids. It enriched medium is maximum biopolymer production of up to 3.4 g/laws was obtained.

Futures of Biopolymers demand the manufacturer for these new materials is overwhelming. However the cost-effectiveness of these materials must improve and they must contribute specifically to sustainable development. Applications using the new materials should utilize the specific properties of these polymers, and the product should be developed based on those properties. They are beginning to emerge as a result of needing to be more responsible in taking care of the world we live in. Thus, the recent emergence of bio-based products rather than petroleum or natural gas based products. Various reasons are associated with the research and development of Biopolymers. The use of biopolymers could markedly increase as more durable versions are developed, and the cost to manufacture these bio-plastics continues to go fall. Bio-plastics can replace conventional plastics in the field of their applications also and can be used in different sectors such as food packaging, plastic plates, cups, cutlery, plastic storage bags, storage containers or other plastic or composite material items you are buying and therefore can help in making environment sustainable. Bio-based polymers are closer to the reality of replacing conventional polymers than ever before. Nowadays, biobased polymers are commonly found in many applications from commodity to hi-tech applications due to advancement in biotechnologies and public awareness.